Army corps of engineers usace is the largest reservoir management agency charged primarily with flood control and. Spe182190ms optimization of steamflooding heavy oil reservoirs under. Reservoir safety management is a process of managing the risk of an uncontrolled release of the contents of a reservoir. Floods and reservoir safety revised guidance for panel engineers 1. When onelayer reservoir is submitted to steamflood, it is possible to assume that the volume in the steam zone is equivalent to the volume of the heated zone. Reserves additions via new discoveries ha ve been declining steadily in the last decades, and the increase of recovery factors from mature oilfields. In 1980 gomaal developed a set of correlation charts for predicting oil recovery and cumulative oilsteam ratio, emphasizing the effects of steam quality, mobile oil saturation, reservoir thickness and netgross. In a reservoir, this is done by accounting for the storage available in the reservoir, whereas in a channel, the flood wave is observed at successive points along a river. The contained tool for reservoir operations and managed flows is based on available literature, and draws findings from relevant works wherever possible.
Tarek ahmed is the author of reservoir engineering handbook 4. Because of the high oil viscosity, water injection was notan effective displacement method. The feh indicated that it was designed to estimate rainfalls up to a return. Development planning and reservoir management in the duri. Heatlosses due to produced fluids were also calculated. Gulf of mexico and the agbami field offshore nigeria, where we employed integrated reservoir management techniques to design field development plans that maximize production and reserves. Application of seismic monitoring to manage an earlystage steamflood, spe. Mechanistic features of cyclic steam stimulation and steamflooding are briefly considered. Prediction of steamflood performance in heavy oil reservoirs.
Reservoir management has now matured to the point where great emphasis isplaced on working as a crossfunctional team, involving all technical areas,management, economics, legal, and environmental groups. Technoeconomic and risk evaluation of a thermal recovery. Guidance for reservoir managers on the management of controlled reservoirs reservoirs scotland act 2011. Dugbored wells are holes in the ground dug by shovel or backhoe. Reservoir management process most of the people know the management reservoir as a synonym with reservoir engineering that in the early 1970 reservoir engineering was proposed as a most important technical aspect of reservoir management dvyrty, g. Most of the developed reservoir management techniques fail to address the specificities of flood control. Pdf spe182190ms optimization of steamflooding heavy oil. Integrated reservoir management uses all irts services to splice the diverse pieces of a technical puzzle together, leading to the most accurate possible description of the reservoir, prediction of its performance and optimization of its economic depletion. Field production data were studied, to derive an overall energy balance for the steamflood, to calculate the steamflood capture efficiency and predict future steamflood performance. Pdf reservoir surveillance program in heavy oil thermal enhance oil recovery find, read and cite all the research you need on. Integrated reservoir management tyler sand reservoir model for eor sensitivities. Flood control is commonly dealt with as a constraint to a main conservation objective.
Signatories include baltimore and carroll counties, baltimore city, baltimore county soil conservation district, carroll. These devices being important for understanding the state of the reservoir as well as for optimizing its exploitation, their availability and utilization has grown and is still growing. Reservoir managers must let us know if they appoint or change supervising engineers within 28 days of the appointment or change. Updated screening criteria for steam flooding based on oil field projects data by mariwan qadir hama a thesis presented to the faculty of the graduate school of the. Greentree reservoir management by brent ortego, carl frentress, hayden haucke and julie hogan rose biologiststexas parks and wildlife dept. Hong is the founding president of kch consulting inc. Fig, 4 shows the configuration ofthe 7spot steam injection pattern. For all individual management scenarios, only complete conversion of agricultural lands into rangeland decreased nutrient levels and algae growth significantly and achieved target levels for chlorophylla and total phosphorus.
Reservoir management technology also may be applied before a field begins production. A 20acre steamflood pilot started in 1982using four 5spot patterns. Reservoir and channel flood routing are the two types of routing that will be considered. The compaction during early history resulted in subsidencethat was later on partially corrected by water injection pressure maintenancebeginning in 1960. For the reservoir, management options of phosphorus inactivation and increased algal consumption by grazers were evaluated. This type ofreservoirmanagement model has proved to be quite successful. Purpose of geothermal reservoir engineering to gain a quantitative understanding of the flows of fluid mass and of heat which take place within the geothermal reservoir under natural conditions, and how they change due to production and injection operations. Reservoir management is used throughout the life cycle of crude oil and natural gas fields.
He retired from chevron corporation in 1997 after 34 years of distinguished service in research and field assignments, the last of which was senior advisor. Technology shifts better reservoir description most important element for improved oil recovery in the ncs up to about mid nineties 3d seismic, geophysical and geological modelling shift 1. This text presents the fundamentals of integrated reservoir management practice, including the technical and management perspectives. This has been replaced by an expanded reservoir agreement signed in 2005. Developing computerized 3d visualizations of the geologic and reservoir simulation models to aid in analysis. Pennwell books, 1994 a comparison of mass rate and steam quality reductions to optimize steamflood performance.
He has taught courses in reservoir characterization and reservoir simulation both in canada. The above concerns led to an early reservoir agreement in 1979, which was significantly strengthened in 1984. A generic term for increasing the amount of crude oil extracted from an oil reservoir also referred to as improved oil recovery or tertiary oil recovery using eor, oil extraction rate can exceed up to 60% compared to primary and secondary oil recovery methods 2040% recovery 4. Kern river is the largest steamflood in the world, producing about 80,000 bd. A greentree reservoir gtr hereafter is a forested lowland that is temporarily flooded during fall and winter to attract ducks, mainly mallards and wood ducks it. Reservoir watershed management agreement department of.
Spe9801 reservoir management for waterfloodspart ii. Traditional gtr management annual flooding stable hydrology deep water 1m wigley and filer 1989 0 0. The steam that is shifted out of an old steamflood development area becomes the. Wells are generally classified by construction method as dugbored, driven, or drilled, as shown in the figure 1 image. When hightemperature steam is injected into heavy oil reservoirs, the bulk. Predicted production schedules from the model were historymatched with field production data the reservoir parameters porosity, phi, net thickness, hsub. Section 4 hydrology introduction in the americari society of civil engineers manual, nomenclature for hydraulics, flood routing is variously defined as follows. Reservoir surveillance is a key component in subsurface heat management and horizontal well development of duri field steam flood. Reservoir limnology is effected by inter reservoir diversions, releases from various depths, and water supply withdrawals.
Considering that the volume of the heated zone can be determined from heat balance at the steam zone, an expression for the oil displacement rate is obtained as a function of volume. Reservoir watershed management agreement department of planning. Guide to risk assessment for reservoir safety management. Driven wells are constructed by driving pipe into the ground. He has been involved in reservoir management projects in the us, uk, cameroon, denmark, indonesia, nigeria, trinidad, and others. It is shown that cyclic steaming can yield oilsteam ratios bbl oilbbl steam of the order of 0. Hydrology training series module 111 reservoir flood. Pressure, temperature, and saturation changes duri engineers estimate that steam is injected into the reservoir at the wellbore at about 430 f and 350 psia. Updated screening criteria for steam flooding based on oil. Reservoir limnology is effected by interreservoir diversions, releases from various depths, and water supply withdrawals. Reservoir management in the duri steamflood onepetro.
Examples include the deepwater tahiti field in the u. Lrm abstracts north american lake management society. The lake and reservoir restoration guidance manual represents a landmark in this nations commitment to water quality, as it brings to the lake user practical knowledge for restoring and protecting lakes and reservoirs. Reservoir management for waterfloodspart ii richard baker has worked on a number of reservoir characterizationreservoir simulation projects world wide in russia, indonesia, south america, middle east and north america.
Managing reservoir surveillance in the duri steam flood field. Publication date 1994 note accompanied by solutions manual6 p. Lrm abstracts north american lake management society nalms. C steamflood reservoir management, pennwell books, tulsa, 1994.
A powerful method to add value to companies assets. This type ofreservoir management model has proved to be quite successful. It is used to determine the most beneficial way to develop a new field or to bring new life to a mature field with, for example, an enhanced oil recovery measure such as steamflooding. Dug wells have a large diameter, are shallow, and are not cased continuously. Poststeamflood reservoir management using a fullscale 3d. These were created for the public with public dollars. To use this understanding to 1 help in interpreting exploration surveys, and 2. Reservoir management has now matured to the point where great emphasis isplaced on working as a crossfunctional team, involving all technical areas, management, economics, legal, and environmental groups. At the steam front between steam and hot condensate, the pressure and temperature may initially be about 250 psia and 350 f, and later drop to 5 psia and 350 f as the steamflood matures. Citation focused studies on historical proven steamflooded areas. Perform a detailed study on the geochemical interactions between the steam and the formation rock and fluids. A 20acre steamflood pilot started in 1982using four 5. Selective criteria to choose suitable candidate fields for eor application. Perform a detailed study on the geochemical interactions between the.
Several actual examples and case studies are included for illustrative purposes. Reservoir managers who operate high or medium risk sites must have a supervising engineer appointed at all times. Pdf simulation on heavy oil production from steamflooding. Guidance for reservoir managers on the management of. The duri steam flood dsf project has 12 development areas to be processed from now until the year 2021. Waterflood management 2014 petro management group ltd.
Enhanced oil recovery using steam linkedin slideshare. Because of its success, the pilot was convertedinto a full steamflooding operation in 1989. In addition to his pennwell publishing company book on computerassisted reservoir management 2000, he wrote integrated petroleum reservoir management 1994, and integrated water flood asset management 1998 books. This new document has sought to explain and guide the user through the steps of the risk informed approach to reservoir safety management, providing an introduction and explanation of basic concepts through a. Tarek ahmed author of reservoir engineering handbook. He is currently president of epic consulting services. Source water reservoir systems are usually designed for water quantity maximizing safe yield. More than an explanation of restoration techniques, this manual is a guide to wise manage. Reservoir and production monitoring and control devices are critical components for better reservoir management.
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